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J. HAN LON. GAS APPARATUS.

No. 244,231. Patented July 12,1881.

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J. HANLON.

' GAS APPARATUS. No. 244,231. Patented July 12,1881.

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J. HANLON. GAS. APPARATUS.

No. 244,231. Patented July 12,1881.

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- GAS APPARATUS. No. 244,231. Patented July 12,1881.

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GAS APPARATUS. No. 244,231. Patented July 12,1881.

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UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HANLON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAS APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,231, dated July 12, 1881. Application filed April 8, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HANLON, of the city and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas Apparatus, of which the following is a clear, full, and

, exact description, reference being had to the boiler. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the generator and washer. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section through 00 w of Fig. 3. gFig. 5 is the same through 3 3 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the generator. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section through z z of Fig. 6.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the exact manner in which I have carried it out.

My invention has reference to the production of carbureted wood-gas for illuminating purposes 5 and it consists of the several combinations of devices, as hereinafter explained and claimed.

In the drawings, A represents a boiler for the generation of steam. This boiler is provided with afire-box, a, to be used only when the waste heat from the gas-generator is not sufficient to raise steam in the boiler. The chimney A of the gas-generator is connected with the boiler at a and a, and is provided with a damper, a, by means of which the whole of the waste heat from the gas-generator can be thrown to the boiler A, or be allowed to pass off directly through the chimney. This waste heat will usually be entirely sufficient for the generation of steam in the boiler A but when not suflioient for that purpose the firebox a can be used to add sufficient heat.

The gas-generator B is of novel construction. The heat and other products of combustion pass from the furnace B, through the pipes b, into the hot air chamber surrounding the retorts b and D, and thence down the pipe I) to the flue leading to the chimney A. The retorts b are fitted with removable perforated receptacles B for wood. These receptacles, being charged with wood, are raised by means of thetcrane O and let down through the top and into the retort b. The top of the retort is then closed and the charge of wood subjected to the heat of the furnace, by which means the gas contained in the wood is driven out of it and passes down into the upper section of the transverse superheating-chamber O, thence to the front, and again back through thelower section of the snperheater to the pipe 0 through which the gas passes to the washer E.

On the top of the retorts I construct the post 1, and to this I attach, by a sleeve and any other convenient means, the horizontal arm 2, through which passes the thumb-screw 3, swiveled in the top of the retort-cover 4.. By this construction I am able to raise the cover 4. from its seat and then swing it from over the opening in the top of the retort.

At a point on the top of the retort, and opposite to the post, I construct the latch 5 for catching and holding the arm 2 in place, while a few turns of the screw 3 secures the top plate in position and closes the retort.

The retort D is composed of an outer cylinder, (1, and an inner cylinder, 01, with annular snperheating-chamber between the two. The hydrocarbon passes in through the pipe d which extends below the point at which the steam is admitted. The steam-pipe d connectin g with the boiler A, passes down through and to the bottom of the annular superheatingchamber in the retort D, and then, returning in a coil around the cylinder d,becomes superheated and enters the inner cylinder at a point to allow the steam to impinge directly upon the lower end of pipe 01 It is evident from this construction that the inner cylinder is kept hot by means of steam-pipe, and that, the lower end of the pipe d being impinged upon by a constant jet of superheated steam, the hydrocarbon will be vaporized in advance of its mixture with the steam, both vapors passing downward through the cylinder d to the point of destructive distillation, thence up through the annular chamber in retort and through the horizontal pipe Q to the chamber D, through which the gaseous vapor passes downward to the washer E. Within the chamber D, I place a series of coiled wires,D, arranged around a vertical shaft provided with a number of short horizontal arms for the purpose of breaking up the gas as it descends through the chamber to the washer.

In the washer E the different gases meet and combine. The liquid-seal box E inside of the washer-case is adjustable by means of the thumb-screws 0 0, attached to the swiveled cross-bars c e at each end of the seal-box. By this means the seal and the dip-pipes from the retorts can be regulated at pleasure.

The condenser]? is composed of a series of vertical cylinders, f, surrounded by water-jacket Gr, through which there is a constant flow of water by means of the pipes H, the cold water passing in through the lower pipe and out through the upper pipe after becoming heated. Each water -jacket communicates with each pipe by means of proper openings, thus allow ing each jacket to receive its water directly and discharge the same. I provide each condensing-cylinder at its top with a combined elastic and water packing to insure a tight joint, which is essential. To this end 1 construct around the head of each cylinder a cup, in the bottom of which is snugly fitted an elastic annulus of suitable material, and the cup is then partially filled with a liquid to receive the dip-rim of the cylinder-cap. This forms a compound seal, which secures the gas against the possibility of escape through the top of the cylinders, each of which is provided with a central vertical diaphragm, which causes the gas to pass up one side of each cylinder to the top and again down on the other side of the diaphragm, and so on through the whole condenser. The lower portions of the cylinders rest in a liquid-seal of any ordinary construction. When all the gas has been liberated from theburnedwoodintheperforatedreceptaclesB these receptacles are again raised from the gasgenerators by means of the crane O, and removed away and replaced by an other receptacle with a new supply of wood. If the receptacle, after being removed from the retort, be allowed to remain exposed to the open air, the coals it contains will be rendered worthless; but if promptly closed with an air-tight covering the receptacle will be found to contain a superior article of charcoal, commercially worth more than the original fuel used. To effect this saving I prepare the metal covering P, which fits snugly over the receptacle B and into a suitable seal formed in a base-plate.

I is a purifier, and N a gasometer. The condenser, purifier, and gasometer are not claimed 5 5 in this application, as they are to be made the subject of separate applications.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The boiler A, provided with the fire-box a, in combination with the generating-furnace of a gas apparatus, provided with the pipes A and gate of, whereby the waste heat from the furnace may be utilized in the generation of steam, substantially as herein described.

2. The retorts I), constructed as described, and containing the wood-receptacle B in combination with and directly connected above and openinginto the superheating-chamber O, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The retort D, composed of the cylinders d and d, with an interposed superheatin g-chamher, in combination with the hydrocarbon-pipe passing below the point of steam-admission, 7 and the coiled steam-pipe d all constructed to operate substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The retort D, constructed as described, in combination with the horizontal pipe Q and chamber 1), provided with suitable means for breaking up the gas, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The washer-case E, provided with the thumb-screws e e, in combination with the 8-.

liquid-seal box E, provided with the swivel cross-bars e e, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN HANLON. Witnesses: R. K. EVANS, JNo. L. CONDRON. 

